Fundamental to the Mediterranean diet and ideal for everyday consumption, bread is the most popular food on Italian tables 

The range of bread varieties is wide and, according to the type - for example comune and speciale bread - the energy content ranges from 225 to 260 calories in every 100 grams.

80% of the calories come from carbohydrates, 12% from proteins and only about 1% from fat. The nutritional value of bread is different depending on the type of flour used.

Types of bread
According to the ingredients used for its preparation, there are two kinds of bread:
comune, which is made with a dough with added yeast and containing wheat flour, water and salt.
Available in diverse shapes and sizes, the comune type of bread always has a fine and golden external crust and a soft inside

The speciale type of bread is enriched with special ingredients like oil, butter, malt, sugar, potatoes and fruit and is made by mixing wheat flour with other types of flour such as barley flour, rye flour, maize, soy and rice flours. Regional bread belongs to the category of speciale bread since its dough can contain one or more typical ingredients from a particular area.

Bread by-products

Breadsticks, friselle, bruschetta bread, crackers, crisp bread, taralli and piadina are all bread substitutes or by-products, with the difference that they last longer. In terms of calories and nutritional properties these products are not always like bread:  bread, according to the variety,  contains less than 300 kcal for each 100 g, while it is difficult to find crackers, breadsticks and similar products with a calorie content lower than 400 kcal. This is due to the fact that more fat is used in the making these products (oils, vegetable fat and margarine).

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